intended victim are too strong, and the whole ceremony must be gone over
again with an additional and larger quantity of cloth. This must be kept up
until the movements of the red beads give token of success or until they show
by their sluggish motions or their failure to move down along the finger that
the opposing shaman can not be overcome. In the latter case the discouraged
plotter gives up all hope, considering himself as cursed by every imprecation
which he has unsuccessfully invoked upon his enemy, goes home and--theoretically--lies
down and dies. As a matter of fact, however, the shaman is always ready with
other formulas by means of which he can ward off such fatal results, in
consideration of a sufficient quantity of cloth.
Should the first trial, which takes place at daybreak, prove unsuccessful,
the shaman and his client fast until just before sunset. They then eat and
remain awake until midnight, when the ceremony is repeated, and if still
unsuccessful it may be repeated four times before daybreak (or the following
noon?), both men remaining awake and fasting throughout the night. If still
unsuccessful, they continue to fast all day until just before sundown. Then
they eat again and again remain awake until midnight, when the previous night's
{p.395}
programme is repeated. It has now become a trial of endurance between the
revengeful client and his shaman on the one side and the intended victim and
his shaman on the other, the latter being supposed to be industriously working
countercharms all the while, as each party must subsist upon one meal per day
and abstain entirely from sleep until the result has been decided one way or
the other. Failure to endure this severe strain, even so much as closing the
eyes in sleep for a few moments or partaking of the least nourishment excepting
just before sunset, neutralizes all the previous work and places the
unfortunate offender at the mercy of his more watchful enemy. If the shaman be
still unsuccessful on the fourth day, he acknowledges himself defeated and
gives up the contest. Should his spells prove the stronger, his victim will die
within seven days, or, as the Cherokees say, seven nights. These "seven
nights," however, are frequently interpreted, figuratively, to mean seven
years, a rendering which often serves to relieve the shaman from a very
embarrassing position.
With regard to the oracle of the whole proceeding, the beads do move; but
the explanation is simple, although the Indians account for it by saying that
the beads become alive by the recitation of the sacred formula. The shaman is
laboring under strong, though suppressed, emotion. He stands with his hands
stretched out in a constrained position, every muscle tense, his breast heaving
and voice trembling from the effort, and the natural result is that before he
is done praying his fingers begin to twitch involuntarily and thus cause the
beads to move. As before stated, their motion is irregular; but the peculiar
delicacy of touch acquired by long practice probably imparts more directness to
their movements than would at first seem possible.
HIÄ' A`NE'TSÂ UGÛ'nWA`LÏ
AMÂ'YÏ DITSÛ'nSTA`TÏ.