Indian Tobacco--Lobelia inflata.) And if
there should be anything mixed with it (i. e., after sucking the place), just
put it about a hand's-length into the mud.
Explanation.
The Cherokee name for this disease gives no idea whatever of its serious
nature. The technical term, Tsundaye'liga'ktanû'hï, really refers to the
enthusiastic outburst of sociability that ensues when two old friends meet. In
this instance it might be rendered "an ordeal." The application of
such a name to what is considered a serious illness is in accordance with the
regular formulistic practice of making light of a dangerous malady in order to
convey to the disease spirit the impression that the shaman is not afraid of
him. A`yûninï, from whom the formula was obtained, states also that
the disease is sometimes sent to a man by a friend or even by his parents, in
order to test his endurance and knowledge of counter spells.
As with most diseases, the name simply indicates the shaman's theory of the
occult cause of the trouble, and is no clue to the symptoms, which may be those
usually attendant upon fevers, indigestion, or almost any other ailment.
In some cases the disease is caused by the conjurations of an enemy, through
which the patient becomes subject to an inordinate appetite, causing him to eat
until his abdomen is unnaturally distended. By the same magic spells tobacco
may be conveyed into the man's body, causing him to be affected by faintness
and languor. The enemy, if bitterly revengeful, may even put into the body of
his victim a worm or insect (tsgâya), or a sharpened stick of black locust or
"fat" pine, which will result in death if not removed by a good
doctor. Sometimes a weed stalk is in some occult manner conveyed into the
patient's stomach, where it is transformed into a worm. As this disease is very
common, owing to constant quarrels and rival jealousies, there are a number of
specialists who devote their attention to it.
The prayer is addressed to the Black, Red, Blue, and White Ravens, their location
at the four cardinal points not being specified, excepting in the case of the
white raven of Wa'hilï, which, as already stated, is said to be a mountain in
the south, and hence is used figuratively to mean the south. The ravens are
each in turn declared to have put the disease into a crevice in
Sanigala'gi--the Cherokee name of Whiteside Mountain, at the head of Tuckasegee
River, in North Carolina, and used figuratively for. any high precipitous
mountain--and to have left no more than a trace upon the ground where it has
been. The adjective translated "evolute" (udanûhï) is of frequent
occurrence in the formulas. but has no
{p. 369}
exact equivalent in English. It signifies springing into being or life from
an embryonic condition. In this instance it would imply that whatever object
the enemy has put into the body of the sick man has there developed into a
ghost to trouble him.