pleased to call the meaning less mummeries of the medicine man. This is the
very reverse of the truth. The Indian is essentially religious and
contemplative,
[1. Brinton, D. G.: The books of Chilan Balam
10, Philadelphia, n. d., (1882).
2. Brinton, D. G: Names of the Gods in the
Kiche Myths, in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., Philadelphia, 1881, vol. 19, p. 613.]
{p. 319}
and it might almost be said that every act of his life is regulated and
determined by his religious belief. It matters not that some may call this
superstition. The difference is only relative. The religion of to-day has
developed from the cruder superstitions of yesterday, and Christianity itself
is but an outgrowth and enlargement of the beliefs and ceremonies which have
been preserved by the Indian in their more ancient form. When we are willing to
admit that the Indian has a religion which he holds sacred, even though it be
different from our own, we can then admire the consistency of the theory, the
particularity of the ceremonial and the beauty of the expression. So far from
being a jumble of crudities, there is a wonderful completeness about the whole
system which is not surpassed even by the ceremonial religions of the East. It
is evident from a study of these formulas that the Cherokee Indian was a
polytheist and that the spirit world was to him only a shadowy counterpart of
this. All his prayers were for temporal and tangible blessings--for health, for
long life, for success in the chase, in fishing, in war and in love, for good
crops, for protection and for revenge. He had no Great Spirit, no happy hunting
ground, no heaven, no hell, and consequently death had for him no terrors and
he awaited the inevitable end with no anxiety as to the future. He was careful
not to violate the rights of his tribesman or to do injury to his feelings, but
there is nothing to show that he had any idea whatever of what is called
morality in the abstract.
As the medical formulas are first in number and importance it may be well,
for the better understanding of the theory involved, to give the Cherokee
account of
THE ORIGIN OF DISEASE AND MEDICINE.
In the old days quadrupeds, birds, fishes, and insects could all talk, and
they and the human race lived together in peace and friendship. But as time
went on the people increased so rapidly that their settlements spread over the
whole earth and the poor animals found themselves beginning to be cramped for
room. This was bad enough, but to add to their misfortunes man invented bows,
knives, blowguns, spears, and hooks, and began to slaughter the larger animals,
birds and fishes for the sake of their flesh or their skins, while the smaller
creatures, such as the frogs and worms, were crushed and trodden upon without
mercy, out of pure carelessness or contempt. In. this state of affairs the
animals resolved to consult upon measures for their common safety.